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Blood doping including the use of autologous, homologous or heterologous blood or red blood cell products of any origin falls under :

  • A.Enhancement of oxygen transfer
  • B.Chemical and physical manupulation
  • C.Gean doping
  • D.Anabolic doping

Answer: A

Blood doping falls under enhancement of oxygen transfer.

The WADA Prohibited List places the use of autologous, homologous or heterologous blood or red blood cell products in its first prohibited method, M1, which earlier editions titled 'Enhancement of Oxygen Transfer' and later editions 'Manipulation of Blood and Blood Components'. Raising the red cell mass increases the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity, which is the aim of blood doping.

Chemical and physical manipulation (M2) covers tampering with samples and improper intravenous infusions, gene doping (M3) the misuse of genes and cells, and anabolic agents are a class of prohibited substances (S1), not a method.

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