Discussion
Fermi level in a solid is a direct measure of :
Answer: D
The Fermi level is a direct measure of the chemical potential of electrons.
In the Fermi-Dirac distribution \(f(E) = \frac{1}{e^{(E - \mu)/k_{B}T} + 1}\), the Fermi level is the chemical potential \(\mu\): the energy at which the occupation probability is one half, and the energy needed to add one electron to the system. At absolute zero it equals the Fermi energy, the highest occupied level. Two materials in contact exchange electrons until their Fermi levels line up, which is what a common chemical potential means.
The Fermi level is not a current, a temperature or a resistivity, although it shifts slightly with temperature and helps decide how many carriers conduct.
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