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The frequency deviation of an FM signal is

  • A.The rate at which the carrier is swept
  • B.The peak departure from the rest frequency
  • C.The difference between the highest and lowest message frequencies
  • D.The bandwidth the signal occupies

Answer: B

Deviation is the peak swing away from the unmodulated carrier frequency, quoted as plus or minus so many kilohertz, and it is set by the message amplitude alone. The spread of message frequencies is the baseband bandwidth. The occupied bandwidth is larger than the deviation and is given by Carson's rule. And the rate of sweep is the message frequency. Confusing deviation with bandwidth is the most common error in the topic, and keeping the four quantities distinct settles most of it.

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