Discussion
What is the effect of doubling the deviation on the FM output signal-to-noise ratio?
Answer: C
The improvement rises roughly with the square of the modulation index, so doubling the deviation is worth about six decibels at the output for the same transmitted power, provided the receiver bandwidth is widened to match and the signal stays above threshold. Constant power does not mean constant performance, which is the counter-intuitive heart of the trade. The wider bandwidth admits more noise but the demodulation gain more than compensates. Below threshold the trade collapses, which is a real and separate caveat.
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