Discussion
What would be heard from an FM receiver whose de-emphasis network had failed open?
Answer: B
Without de-emphasis the transmitter's pre-emphasis remains uncorrected, so the audio is too bright and the triangular noise spectrum is left unattenuated at the top of the band, giving a characteristic hiss. Muffled audio would follow from de-emphasis applied twice or from a lost treble path. General distortion points to the discriminator or mistuning. And silence indicates a broken signal path rather than a shaping network. The symmetry of the pre-emphasis and de-emphasis pair is what makes the symptom so characteristic.
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