Discussion
A transmitter deviates \( \pm 40 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) when fed a \( 8 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) test tone. Its deviation ratio against a \( 8 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) audio limit is
Answer: B
Deviation ratio is peak deviation over the highest audio frequency:
\[ D = \frac{40}{8} = 5 \]
giving 5, the same ratio FM broadcasting uses although at a quarter of the deviation and half the audio bandwidth. That coincidence is instructive: the ratio, and therefore the noise advantage, depends on the proportion rather than on the absolute figures, while the occupied bandwidth depends on the absolute deviation. 40 and 8 are the input quantities and 0.2 inverts the ratio.
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