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At what rate does a two-pole roll-off fall?

  • A.Three decibels per octave
  • B.Twenty decibels per octave
  • C.Twelve decibels per octave
  • D.Six decibels per octave

Answer: C

Each pole contributes six decibels per octave, so two together give twelve decibels per octave, equivalently forty per decade. Six per octave is one pole, three decibels is the drop at a break rather than a slope, and twenty per decade is one pole expressed in the other unit. Slopes add when poles are cascaded, which is why counting poles is the quickest way to predict a response's steepness and its phase shift together.

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