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Why is gain margin quoted alongside phase margin?

  • A.Phase margin alone cannot be determined from a Bode plot
  • B.They constrain the loop at two different frequencies
  • C.One applies to the low end and the other to the high
  • D.Gain margin is easier to measure than phase margin

Answer: B

Gain margin is measured where the phase reaches inversion and phase margin where the gain reaches unity, so the two report the loop's distance from oscillation at two separate frequencies, and a loop can be comfortable on one and marginal on the other. Both concern the high end, both are readable from a Bode plot, and neither is notably easier to measure. Two conditions must both be satisfied, which is why a single figure of merit for stability has never been agreed.

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