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Why does a long cable behave as a capacitive load at moderate frequencies?

  • A.Its series inductance resonates with the driving stage
  • B.Its characteristic impedance falls with frequency
  • C.Its dielectric loss increases with the cable length
  • D.Its shunt capacitance dominates below its transmission-line region

Answer: D

Well below the frequency where its length matters, a cable looks like a lumped capacitance of perhaps a hundred picofarads per metre, and that is what loads the stage. Its inductance and characteristic impedance become relevant only when the length approaches a wavelength, and dielectric loss is a second-order effect. Knowing which model applies at which frequency prevents both over-complicating a low-frequency problem and under-modelling a high-frequency one.

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