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Which pin allows the stub axle to pivot on a beam axle?

  • A.The swivel ball joint, which carries the load and permits the pivoting movement on an independent suspension
  • B.The kingpin
  • C.The track rod end, which is a ball joint permitting the stub axle to move through the steering angles required
  • D.The steering arm

Answer: B

The kingpin passes through the eye of the axle beam and through the stub axle, running in bushes and located by a cotter pin. Independent suspensions use ball joints instead. Kingpin wear produces play felt as a knock and as wander in the steering. A symptom that appears under one condition and not another is what narrows the diagnosis quickly. The shared behaviour explains why these belong together and the differences explain why both exist. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.

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