Discussion
Fractional distillation separates petroleum according to the components'
Answer: D
Correct answer: boiling ranges
A fractionating column separates crude oil by boiling point: the vapour rises, each fraction condenses on the tray where the temperature matches its boiling range, and the cuts are drawn off from gas at the top through naphtha, kerosene and gas oil to residue at the bottom. Density and octane number correlate loosely with the cut, but they are consequences of the separation and not the property it works on.
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