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Cracking converts heavy petroleum fractions into lighter ones by

  • A.breaking large molecules into smaller ones
  • B.joining small molecules into larger ones
  • C.removing sulphur from the fraction
  • D.rearranging straight chains into rings

Answer: A

Correct answer: breaking large molecules into smaller ones

Cracking breaks the carbon-carbon bonds of heavy, high boiling molecules to give smaller ones in the petrol and diesel range. It exists because the demand for light products far exceeds the proportion the crude naturally contains, so a refinery must convert the residue rather than merely separate it. Joining small molecules is polymerisation or alkylation; rearranging chains into rings is reforming.

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