Discussion
Assertion (A): An activity coefficient has no meaning until a standard state is specified.
Reason (R): Activity is defined as a ratio of fugacity to the fugacity in that standard state.
Answer: B
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason gives the cause. Activity is \( a_i = \hat{f}_i/f_i^{\circ} \), a ratio to the fugacity in a chosen standard state, so the same solution has different activity coefficients under the Lewis–Randall convention and under Henry’s law. A quoted value is therefore meaningless without the convention, which is why tabulated data always state it.
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