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For a system at low pressure with a nearly ideal vapour phase, the fugacity coefficient can be taken as

  • A.approximately one
  • B.approximately zero
  • C.equal to the activity coefficient
  • D.equal to the compressibility factor

Answer: A

At a few bar the vapour is close enough to ideal that the correction is negligible, which reduces the gamma-phi expression to a modified Raoult's law. That simplification underlies most introductory distillation calculations.

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