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Which force in the horizontal equation of motion is an apparent force?

  • A.The frictional force
  • B.The gravitational attraction exerted on the air by the mass of the Earth beneath it directly
  • C.The Coriolis force
  • D.The pressure gradient force, which arises from the spatial distribution of mass in the fluid

Answer: C

Coriolis is not a physical interaction between bodies but an artefact of describing motion in a rotating frame, and it vanishes entirely when the motion is described from an inertial frame in space. Pressure gradient, friction and gravitation are all real forces with identifiable sources. Calling Coriolis apparent does not make it negligible: on the scales of weather systems it is comparable with the pressure gradient force, and no useful description of large-scale flow can omit it. The centrifugal force shares the same apparent character for the same reason.

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