Discussion
The Coriolis parameter is defined as \( f = 2\Omega \sin\phi \). What does \( \phi \) denote?
Answer: A
The latitude enters through the vertical component of the Earth's rotation vector, so \( f \) vanishes at the equator and reaches its greatest magnitude at the poles. With \( \Omega \) about \( 7.29 \times 10^{-5} \) per second, \( f \) is roughly \( 10^{-4} \) per second in mid-latitudes, a value worth committing to memory because it appears in every scale estimate in this subject. Longitude does not enter, and the angle of the velocity is irrelevant since the deflection is always perpendicular to whatever direction the parcel moves.
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