Discussion
Which number compares the inertial acceleration with the Coriolis acceleration?
Answer: B
The Rossby number is the ratio \( U/(fL) \), and when it is much less than one the Coriolis force dominates and the flow is very nearly geostrophic. For a synoptic system with \( U \) about 10 metres per second, \( L \) about 1000 kilometres and \( f \) about \( 10^{-4} \), the value is roughly 0.1. Richardson, Froude and Reynolds numbers compare other pairs of effects. Computing a Rossby number is the standard first step in deciding which approximation applies to a given flow.
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