Discussion
Which circulation would dominate a non-rotating Earth?
Answer: B
Without rotation the equator-to-pole temperature contrast would drive a single overturning cell in each hemisphere, rising at the equator and sinking at the pole. Rotation breaks this into the observed three-cell structure by making the poleward flow unstable to Coriolis deflection beyond about thirty degrees. Rossby waves require the beta effect and so would not exist. The thought experiment isolates exactly what rotation contributes to the general circulation.
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