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What does gas chromatography separate compounds by?

  • A.Their partition between the gas and the stationary phase
  • B.Their molecular weight as they pass down the column
  • C.Their boiling points measured at the injector
  • D.Their solubility in the carrier gas itself

Answer: A

Each compound spends part of its time dissolved in or adsorbed on the stationary phase and part moving with the carrier, and the proportion decides how long it takes to emerge. Molecular weight and boiling point influence that partition without being the mechanism, and the carrier gas is chosen precisely because nothing dissolves in it. That separation depends on an equilibrium rather than on any single molecular property is what allows compounds of similar boiling point to be resolved.

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