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Which value does the specific gas constant for dry air take?

  • A.About 1005 joules per kilogram per kelvin, which is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air
  • B.About 287 joules per kilogram per kelvin
  • C.About 461 joules per kilogram per kelvin, which is the value appropriate to pure water vapour instead
  • D.About 8.31 joules per mole per kelvin

Answer: B

Dividing the universal gas constant of 8.314 joules per mole per kelvin by the mean molecular mass of dry air, 0.02897 kilograms per mole, gives 287 joules per kilogram per kelvin. Water vapour, being lighter, has the larger value of 461. The universal constant applies per mole rather than per kilogram, and the specific heat capacity is a related but distinct quantity that appears in the first law rather than in the equation of state. A single measurement chosen to respond to the one asymmetry beats several that respond to shared behaviour. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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