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Which quantity is defined as the ratio of actual to saturation vapour pressure?

  • A.Relative humidity
  • B.Specific humidity, which is the mass of water vapour contained within a unit mass of the moist air present
  • C.Mixing ratio
  • D.Dew point depression, which is the difference between the temperature and the dew point of the air sample

Answer: A

Relative humidity expresses how close the air is to saturation and is conventionally given as a percentage. Because the saturation value depends strongly on temperature, relative humidity changes as air is heated or cooled even when no water is added or removed, which is why it is a poor measure of the actual moisture content. Mixing ratio and specific humidity are conserved under such changes and are preferred for that reason. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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