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Which application makes virtual temperature important?

  • A.Computing the amount of precipitation that will fall from a saturated ascending column of moist air
  • B.Assessing the buoyancy of a parcel in convection
  • C.Determining the relative humidity of the air from a psychrometric measurement made at the surface below
  • D.Measuring the dew point

Answer: B

Buoyancy depends on density, so a parcel must be compared with its environment using virtual temperature rather than temperature, and neglecting the correction can change the sign of the buoyancy. In the tropics the difference is comparable with the temperature excess of a convective plume. Humidity measurement and precipitation calculations use other quantities and do not require the correction. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.

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