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Which difficulty affects sea level reduction at high elevation stations?

  • A.The gravity correction is large
  • B.The reduction requires the humidity of the air at sea level, which cannot be measured from the station above
  • C.The temperature of the fictitious column below ground must be assumed
  • D.The instrument itself becomes unreliable at low pressures because the mercury column becomes too short

Answer: C

For a station at two kilometres the reduction involves a column of air that does not exist, and its assumed temperature can shift the reduced value by several hectopascals. This is why analyses over mountainous regions are drawn on a constant pressure surface such as 850 hectopascals instead. The instrument works perfectly well at reduced pressure and the gravity correction is small and well determined. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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