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Gauss's law states that the flux of \( \mathbf{D} \) out of any closed surface equals

  • A.the charge enclosed by that surface
  • B.the total charge in the whole of space, wherever it may lie
  • C.the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of the medium
  • D.the charge enclosed multiplied by the area of the surface

Answer: A

Written \( \oint_s \mathbf{D} \cdot d\mathbf{s} = Q_{enc} \), it involves the flux density and so needs no permittivity on the right. Expressed in terms of the field intensity instead, the permittivity appears as a divisor on the charge.

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