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Which latitude marks the poleward edge of the Hadley cell?

  • A.About 45 degrees, which is the latitude at which the Coriolis parameter reaches about seventy per cent
  • B.About 30 degrees
  • C.About 60 degrees, which is where the polar front separates mid-latitude air from polar air masses
  • D.About 15 degrees

Answer: B

Air moving poleward aloft conserves angular momentum and is deflected eastward by the Coriolis force, so by about 30 degrees the flow is almost entirely zonal and can carry heat no further. The cell therefore closes and descends there, creating the subtropical highs and the desert belt. The edge migrates seasonally and has been observed to shift poleward in recent decades. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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