Discussion
Which quantity does air conserve as it moves poleward in the upper branch?
Answer: A
With no torque acting, the sum of the planetary and relative contributions to the angular momentum is conserved, so the relative zonal velocity must increase as the distance from the axis shrinks. This is why the subtropical jet exists. Potential vorticity is also conserved but does not give the jet directly, and the relative zonal velocity is precisely what changes. Naming the cost of a choice alongside its benefit is what turns a fact into a design decision.
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