Discussion
Water inflow to a tunnel is controlled during driving chiefly by
Answer: D
Correct answer: pre-grouting ahead of the face
Grout injected through holes drilled ahead of the face seals the fissures before they are opened, so the water is excluded rather than pumped. This is the standard treatment where inflow is expected, and it is far safer than driving into the zone and dealing with what comes. Advancing faster into a water-bearing zone invites exactly the inrush it is meant to avoid.
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