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Boulders in an otherwise soft-ground tunnel are troublesome because they

  • A.stall or damage the excavation machinery
  • B.increase the permeability of the surrounding ground
  • C.reduce the stand-up time of the exposed face
  • D.prevent the tunnel from being lined with concrete

Answer: A

Correct answer: stall or damage the excavation machinery

A soft-ground machine has cutting tools designed for soil, and a boulder neither cuts nor passes through the openings. It jams the cutterhead, damages the tools, and often has to be broken up by hand from within the chamber - a slow and hazardous operation. The boulders neither weaken the ground nor make it more permeable.

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