Discussion
A river in mature stage is likely to :
(1) Deepen its valley
(2) Make a delta
(3) Make ox-bow Lakes
(4) Make a floodplain
Answer: D
The answer is (3) and (4): making ox-bow lakes and a floodplain.
In the mature stage a river's gradient is gentler, so it erodes sideways more than downwards. It swings in wide meanders, and when a meander loop is cut off an ox-bow lake is left behind. Lateral erosion and deposition during floods build a broad, flat floodplain.
Deepening the valley by vertical erosion, producing V-shaped valleys, gorges and waterfalls, is the work of the youthful stage. A delta forms at the river's mouth in the old stage, where the river deposits its load on entering a sea or lake. So options containing (1) or (2) are wrong.
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