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Which of the following pairs are correctly matched ?

(1) Granites : Batholiths
(2) Marbles : Hogback ridges
(3) Quartzites : Ridge crests
(4) Hard rocks : Monadnocks

  • A.(1), (2), (3) and (4)
  • B.(1), (3) and (4)
  • C.(2) and (4)
  • D.(1), (2) and (3)

Answer: B

The correct pairs are (1), (3) and (4).

Granite is the typical rock of batholiths, the huge intrusive bodies formed when magma cools deep underground (1). Quartzite is extremely resistant and so stands out as ridge crests (3). Hard, resistant rocks survive as monadnocks, isolated hills rising above a peneplain (4).

Pair (2) is wrong. Hogback ridges are formed by steeply dipping beds of resistant sedimentary rock such as sandstone, alternating with weaker beds. Marble is a metamorphosed limestone that dissolves readily and does not form hogbacks. So every option containing (2) fails.

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