Discussion
Consider the following statements regarding the earthquakes:
I. The intensity of earthquake is measured on Mercalli scale.
II. The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of energy released.
III. Earthquake magnitudes are based on direct measurements of the amplitude of seismic waves.
IV. In the Richter scale, each whole number demonstrates a hundredfold increase in the amount of energy released.
Which of these statements are correct?
Answer: A
Statements I, II and III are correct, so the answer is I, II and III.
The intensity of an earthquake, the effect it has at a place, is measured on the Mercalli scale (I). The magnitude is a measure of the energy released at the source (II), and it is calculated from the measured amplitude of the seismic waves recorded on a seismograph (III).
Statement IV is wrong. On the Richter scale each whole number is a tenfold increase in the amplitude of the waves, which corresponds to about 32 times more energy released, not a hundredfold increase. That rules out the options including IV.
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