Discussion
Statement : The Earth's outer core is liquid, while the inner core is solid.
Assertion : The immense pressure at the Earth's center forces the inner core into a solid state despite its high temperature.
Which of the following is correct ?
Answer: A
Both are true, and the Assertion is the correct explanation of the Statement.
Seismic studies show that the outer core is liquid, because S-waves, which cannot travel through liquid, do not pass through it. The inner core is solid, even though it is hotter, at around 5,000 to 6,000°C.
The reason is pressure. The immense pressure at the centre raises the melting point of the iron-nickel alloy above the actual temperature, so it stays solid. That is exactly why the inner core is solid while the outer core, under less pressure, is liquid. So the Assertion explains the Statement.
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