Discussion
Which of the following factors influence the type and rate of weathering ?
(1) Soil
(2) Climate
(3) Vegetation cover
(4) Rock structure
(5) Topography
Answer: B
The key's factors are climate, vegetation cover, rock structure and topography, so the answer is (2), (3), (4) and (5).
The standard controls on weathering are climate (temperature and moisture decide whether mechanical or chemical weathering dominates and how fast it runs), the rock itself (its structure, joints and minerals), vegetation (roots that split rock and organic acids that attack it) and topography (slope and aspect, which control drainage and how fast debris is removed), together with time.
Soil is mainly a product of weathering rather than one of its governing factors, which is why the key leaves it out. Every other option includes soil and drops one of the four controls.
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