Discussion
What are the signs of rejuvenation in a river valley ?
(1) Incised meanders
(2) Unpaired terraces
(3) Nick points
(4) Paired terraces
Answer: D
The signs of rejuvenation are (1), (3) and (4): incised meanders, nick points and paired terraces.
Rejuvenation gives a river new erosive power, usually through uplift of the land or a fall in base level. The river cuts down into its old floor. Meanders that had formed on a floodplain become entrenched as incised meanders, a knick point (a break in the long profile, often a waterfall) migrates upstream from the point where downcutting began, and the remains of the old floodplain are left on both sides of the valley at the same height as paired terraces.
Unpaired terraces, at different heights on the two sides, form when a river shifts sideways while cutting down slowly and continuously, so they are not a sign of rejuvenation. That rules out options containing (2).
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