Discussion
Which balance describes a tornado?
Answer: A
In a tornado the Rossby number is of order a thousand, so the Coriolis term is negligible and the pressure gradient force is balanced entirely by the centrifugal force. That is cyclostrophic balance. It follows that a tornado may in principle rotate in either sense, though most rotate cyclonically because they inherit the rotation of a parent mesocyclone. Gradient wind balance reduces to the cyclostrophic case when the Coriolis term is dropped. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.
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