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Which quantity is the radius of an inertial circle?

  • A.The speed divided by the Coriolis parameter
  • B.The speed multiplied by the Coriolis parameter and divided by the acceleration due to gravity there
  • C.The speed squared divided by f
  • D.The speed divided by the square of the Coriolis parameter at the latitude of the moving parcel

Answer: A

Setting the Coriolis force equal to the centripetal acceleration gives \( fV = V^{2}/R \), so \( R = V/f \). At mid-latitudes with \( f \) about \( 10^{-4} \) per second, a wind of 10 metres per second corresponds to a radius of 100 kilometres. This is comparable with the scale of a synoptic system, which is another way of seeing why rotation matters so much at that scale and so little at the scale of a thunderstorm. Reading the definition literally, rather than recalling a formula, is the reliable route through questions of this shape.

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