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Which term does natural coordinates make explicit in the gradient wind equation?

  • A.The angle between the wind vector and the local direction of the horizontal pressure gradient force
  • B.The curvature of the trajectory
  • C.The divergence of the wind field, which determines the vertical motion above the level considered
  • D.The vorticity

Answer: B

Writing the momentum equation along and normal to the flow makes the centrifugal term appear directly as the speed squared divided by the radius of curvature of the trajectory. That makes the gradient wind balance immediate rather than something to be extracted from vector algebra. Divergence and vorticity are derived from the wind field rather than appearing as terms in this equation, and the angle between wind and gradient is zero by construction in balanced flow.

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