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Which wind does the thermal wind relation describe?

  • A.The vector difference between geostrophic winds at two levels
  • B.The wind that would result if the temperature gradient alone were driving the flow at a given level
  • C.The actual wind in a baroclinic zone
  • D.The component of the wind directed along the isotherms rather than across them within a given layer

Answer: A

The thermal wind is the vector difference between the geostrophic winds at the top and bottom of a layer, and it blows parallel to the layer mean isotherms with cold air on the left in the northern hemisphere. It is not itself a wind that anything experiences but a shear. Its existence follows from combining geostrophic and hydrostatic balance, so it applies wherever both do.

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