Discussion
Which condition produces a westerly thermal wind in the northern hemisphere?
Answer: B
With cold air to the north, the thermal wind blows with cold air on its left, which means from the west. This is why the mid-latitude westerlies strengthen with height and why the jet stream sits above the strongest surface temperature gradient. The summer stratosphere does have temperature increasing polewards, which is exactly why its winds are easterly, and that reversal is a good check that the rule has been applied correctly. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.
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