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Which effect does curvature add to the jet streak circulation pattern?

  • A.It rotates the whole pattern through ninety degrees relative to the axis of the jet streak itself
  • B.It reinforces one pair of quadrants and weakens the other
  • C.It reverses the pattern so that ascent occurs in the quadrants which would otherwise show descent
  • D.It removes the pattern

Answer: B

Curvature introduces its own ageostrophic component, which adds to the along-jet acceleration effect in some quadrants and opposes it in others, so a jet streak in a trough behaves differently from one in a ridge. The straight-jet four-quadrant model is therefore a starting point rather than the whole story. Recognising when curvature is important is what separates mechanical application of the rule from genuine analysis. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.

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