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Which name is given to the departure of the actual wind from gradient balance?

  • A.The thermal wind
  • B.The divergent component, which is what carries the vertical motion in a developing weather system
  • C.The isallobaric and inertial advective components
  • D.The frictional component alone, since friction is the only process that can break a balanced flow

Answer: C

The ageostrophic wind is conventionally decomposed into an isallobaric part, driven by the local time change of the pressure field, and an inertial advective part associated with acceleration. Friction adds a third component within the boundary layer. The thermal wind is a shear rather than a departure from balance, and while the ageostrophic wind is largely divergent, naming it that way describes a property rather than a cause. Checking the units of each quantity catches a wrong formula before the arithmetic begins.

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