Discussion
Which effect does an error in the analysed height field have on the derived geostrophic wind?
Answer: D
Differentiation amplifies small-scale error, so a height analysis accurate to a few decametres can give a geostrophic wind in error by several metres per second. This is why modern analysis systems assimilate wind observations directly rather than deriving the wind from the mass field. Both speed and direction are affected. The general point, that derivatives amplify noise, recurs throughout the diagnosis of atmospheric fields. Framing the question as which quantity the change acts upon makes the answer follow without calculation.
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