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Which practical use has the geostrophic momentum approximation?

  • A.It allows the pressure gradient force to be computed without knowing the density of the air present
  • B.It simplifies frontal dynamics while retaining the ageostrophic circulation
  • C.It removes the Coriolis force entirely so that the equations become those of a non-rotating fluid
  • D.It filters gravity waves

Answer: B

Replacing the actual momentum by the geostrophic momentum in the acceleration term gives the semi-geostrophic equations, which describe frontogenesis far better than the quasi-geostrophic system does. The cross-frontal ageostrophic circulation is retained and the fronts sharpen realistically. Coriolis is certainly retained, and neither gravity wave filtering nor density removal is what the approximation accomplishes. A limit that survives making every external component ideal is an intrinsic one, and worth knowing for that reason.

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