Discussion
Which balance is assumed in potential vorticity inversion?
Answer: D
Inverting a potential vorticity distribution to recover the wind and mass fields requires a balance condition, because potential vorticity alone does not determine the division between balanced and unbalanced motion. Geostrophic, gradient wind or nonlinear balance may be used depending on the accuracy required. Hydrostatic balance is necessary but far from sufficient, and cyclostrophic balance is inappropriate at synoptic scales. Most errors here come from carrying a result across from a neighbouring case where it does not hold.
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