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Which quantity is the geostrophic drag coefficient used to relate?

  • A.The surface wind to the wind observed at the top of the boundary layer above that same location
  • B.The vertical velocity to the vorticity
  • C.The cross-isobaric angle to the roughness length of the surface over which the air is flowing
  • D.The surface stress to the geostrophic wind

Answer: D

Boundary layer parameterisations often express the surface stress as a coefficient times the square of the geostrophic wind, since the geostrophic wind is known from the pressure field while the surface wind is not. The coefficient depends on roughness and stability. The other options describe the Ekman pumping relation, the cross-isobaric angle relation and a purely descriptive connection, none of which is what this coefficient does. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.

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