Discussion
Which of the following combinations of forces is/are balanced in a cyclostrophic motion?
Answer: B
In cyclostrophic motion the pressure gradient and centrifugal forces balance.
Cyclostrophic balance applies to small, intense vortices such as tornadoes and dust devils, and to flow near the equator, where the Rossby number is large: the Coriolis force is negligible compared with the centrifugal force of the tight, fast rotation. The inward pressure gradient force is balanced by the outward centrifugal force alone.
Including all three forces describes gradient wind balance; pressure gradient against Coriolis is geostrophic balance; and centrifugal against Coriolis without a pressure gradient describes inertial motion.
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