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Basin effects arise because seismic waves entering a sediment-filled basin

  • A.increase their frequency on entering it
  • B.cease to attenuate with further distance
  • C.become trapped and reverberate within it
  • D.are entirely reflected back at the margin

Answer: C

Energy entering through the edges is repeatedly reflected inside the soft fill, lengthening the duration and amplifying long periods well beyond what a flat layered model predicts. Basin-edge focusing has been implicated in concentrated damage bands.

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