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The vertical component of ground motion is normally taken in codes as

  • A.negligible and therefore ignored entirely
  • B.a fraction of the horizontal component
  • C.equal to twice the horizontal component
  • D.identical to the horizontal component

Answer: B

Correct answer: a fraction of the horizontal component

Vertical motion is conventionally taken as about two thirds of the horizontal, a ratio that holds reasonably well away from the immediate vicinity of the fault. Close to the source the vertical component can approach or exceed the horizontal, which is why near-fault design treats it separately. It matters most for long cantilevers and prestressed members.

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