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What are the two components of the ground wave?

  • A.The surface wave and the space wave
  • B.The direct wave and the wave reflected from the ionosphere above
  • C.The ordinary and the extraordinary waves produced by the earth's field
  • D.The vertically and the horizontally polarised parts of the transmitted signal

Answer: A

The ground wave comprises a surface wave guided along the boundary between air and earth and a space wave made up of the direct and ground reflected rays. The surface wave dominates at low frequencies and short ranges over good ground, while the space wave dominates at higher frequencies and with elevated antennas. Ionospheric reflection is the sky wave, a quite separate mechanism, and the ordinary and extraordinary waves belong to magneto-ionic theory. Sorting a received signal into its propagation mechanisms is the first step in predicting it.

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