Discussion
Why is the radio horizon further than the optical horizon?
Answer: B
Refractive index falls with height in the standard atmosphere, so the ray bends gently downward and follows the curvature a little way, extending the horizon by about fifteen per cent. Representing this by an earth of four thirds the true radius, with straight rays, is the standard simplification. Diffraction extends coverage beyond the horizon but is a separate mechanism, radio and light travel at the same speed, and antenna tilt is a design choice. Curved rays over a real earth are replaced by straight rays over a fictitious one.
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